In recent years, the local leading flower companies have strengthened their innovation in the selection and breeding of new varieties. Leading enterprises and professional cooperatives have continued to develop and grow, cultivated many new varieties of cut flowers with independent intellectual property rights, and successfully created a number of well-known brands of fresh-cut flowers. These companies have successively won the title of “Top Ten Famous Flowers” in Yunnan Province from 2018 to 2020, creating a good situation for Yunnan flowers in Yuxi, and their development advantages are outstanding.
However, shortcomings such as increased market competition pressure, related supporting policies and measures to be improved, low level of modern facilities, and insufficient support for technological innovation have become increasingly prominent. How to seize the major development strategic opportunity of the "14th Five-Year Plan", comprehensively promote the transformation and upgrading of the flower industry, and make it bigger and stronger is an unavoidable subject for the high-quality development of Yuxi's flower industry.
Taking multiple measures simultaneously, independent innovation to enhance the competitiveness of "Yunnan Flowers"
Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences is located in the flower cultivation base of Yanhe Jiajing, Hongta District.
In 2012, the city began to take the path of building a breeding base for improved varieties through cooperation between academies and enterprises, and began to select and breed flower variety resources for independent innovation; in 2013, a 10-hectare flower breeding base was built and nearly 500 cut flower (potted flowers) variety resources were reserved.
In Tonghai Jinhai Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., 11 new varieties of rose cut flowers, including "Red Lips", "Xinxiangyin", and "Sweet Barbie" with independent intellectual property rights are jointly cultivated with Yuxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, have undergone a market acceptance test. Now the demonstration planting area of these new varieties has reached more than 333 hectares, and independent breeding products are developing towards larger-scale and industrialized.
"Jinhui" is China's first rose variety named after a breeder independently developed by Yunnan Yunxiu Flower Co., Ltd., with a yellow bottom and narrow pink tips on the petals. It has been on the market since 2013 and it has been among the top three high prices in auction transactions for three consecutive years and is currently promoting planting more than 100 hectares.
Yuxi Yunxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., located in Yunnan Agricultural Science and Technology Park, Jiuxi Town, Jiangchuan District, cooperated with the Flower Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences to carry out asexual tissue culture and propagation of gerbera in the mode of "cooperative + farmer", and has the largest number of self-breeding varieties in China and has bred more than 70 new gerbera varieties, of which 48 have obtained the new plant variety right certificate.
In 2012, the Yuxi De Ruiter Flower Company stationed in Hongta District introduced more than 1,000 fresh cut roses and more than 100 new varieties of potted flowers to cultivate locally. The company carefully cultivated 100 new varieties of fresh cut roses and more than 20 new varieties of pot flowers, which accounted for 60% and 80% of the national flower seedling market, ranking first in China. And the revenue from the use of new varieties of concessions reached 15 million yuan, ranking first in Yunnan province; Yuxi Mingzhu Flower Co., Ltd. has realized the localization and large-scale production of lily bulbs and has the domestic leading level in the research and development capabilities of lily bulbs...
After years of development, Yuxi has gradually become an important production area for fresh cut flowers, potted flowers, and seedlings (bulbs) in Yunnan. Seedlings (bulbs) have entered the track of large-scale, standardized and factory production. The local annual production includes 27 million lily bulbs, 65 million rose seedlings, and 15 million pot flower seedlings accounted for more than 40% of Yunnan seedlings (balls) production and sales. The city has obtained 55 flower patent varieties, 18 invention patents, and 69 utility model patents. Most enterprises engaged in flower production have established their own corporate standards. The Lidu Flower Company’s cut rose standards and Ruiyuan Flower Company’s cut flowers standards for eustoma are included in the national standards, and the potted rose standards of Yunxiu Flower Co., Ltd. are included in Yunnan Local standards.
Carefully cultivate and promote the healthy development of the flower industry
Since its inception in the 1990s, Yuxi Flower has created a good situation of "Chinese flowers in Yunnan, Yunnan flowers in Yuxi". The "Pearl Lily", "Aibida Potted Flower Rose", "Purple Jade Potted Flower” etc. have become well-known brands nationwide. The "China Red" rose was used as the flower for the 2008 Beijing Olympics. 7 companies including De Ruiter, Mingzhu, and Jinhai became the "Yunnan Province High-quality Seedling Production Base". Yuxi flowers not only play a pivotal role in Yunnan and even the whole country.
The Yuxi Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government attach great importance to the development of plateau characteristic agriculture. Municipal finance arranges special plateau characteristic agricultural funds for the research and development of new flower varieties and new technologies. In 2019, Hongta District succeeded in striving to become a model county for the flower industry in Yunnan Province, and received provincial funding policy support every year; in 2020, it received financial support for the national advantageous characteristic industrial cluster (flower) project.
In 2017, the Yuxi Municipal Government and the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences worked together to build the Yunnan Agricultural Science and Technology Park, and strive to build the Asian Flower Science and Technology Valley, and build a leading domestic and Asian first-class breeding innovation center, seed industry achievement incubation center and technology radiation center. Radiation drives the promotion of seedlings covering more than 20 provinces, municipalities and some Southeast Asian countries, and promotes the planting of more than 4,000 hectares of new-added flowers in the province.
Yuxi is the most suitable area for the production of fresh-cut flowers. It has obvious geographical and climate advantages for the development of the flower industry. It is also known as the “three major flower producing areas in the world” with Colombia, Ecuador and Kenya in Africa. It is used for tempering in flower production. The cost of temperature adjustment and light control in flower production is much lower than in other regions in China. The special climate with long sunshine and strong ultraviolet rays in winter make the flowers beautifully colored, the stems are straight, and the quality is rather good. Due to good light and heat conditions, the fast growth of flower plants and rapid return on investment, the planting efficiency per unit area of the flower industry in Yuxi city is 3 to 5 times that of other crops. The per capita income of flower farmers is more than 30,000 RMB, which is 60% higher than the income of flower farmers in the province.
Although Yuxi has obvious advantages in the development of flowers, shortcomings such as increasing market competition pressure, related supporting policies and measures that need to be improved, low level of modern facilities, and insufficient support for technological innovation have become increasingly prominent.
The main problems and challenges faced by high-quality development
After more than 30 years of development, in 2020, the city's flower gardening area will be 5,520 hectares, an increase of 86.9% over 2015; the primary-industry output value of flowers is 2.55 billion RMB, an increase of 568 million RMB over 2015, an increase of 28.7%. As of 2020, Yuxi has independently cultivated 55 new flower varieties. Yuxi flower industry has gradually formed a whole industrial chain integrating seedling production, scientific research, planting, processing and supporting marketing.
In order to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of the flower industry in Yuxi city, the Yuxi Municipal Agriculture and Rural Bureau stated that, at present, the development of Yuxi's flower industry is facing severe challenges in three aspects.
First, market competition has increased. New flower areas such as Honghe and Chuxiong are emerging in the province, which is attractive in terms of scale and policy support. Coupled with the high starting point of modern facilities, the output and quality have been greatly improved, and the domestic market has been squeezed, resulting in increasingly fierce competition.
Second, relevant supporting policies and measures need to be improved. There is no complete supporting policy to attract social capital investment, no synergy to support the development of the flower industry, combined with the difficulty of land integration and high cost, it is difficult to form a large-scale flower park to attract enterprises to settle in and develop.
The third is the low level of modern facilities and insufficient support for technological innovation. Many enterprises and growers have begun in the industry early and have been lacking mechanization and automation equipment. The existing facilities are low-level and incomplete facilities and equipment, which makes the output and quality of some flower varieties lower than Kunming, Honghe and other regions. For enterprises that lack the core competitiveness of product research and development, modern facilities and post-harvest processing technology innovation are still blank, and funding for risky scientific and technological innovation projects introduced by new technologies and new varieties is insufficient.
Construction of key projects to promote the transformation and upgrading of the flower industry
For the next 5 years, the city's flower industry development goals are: market-oriented, economic benefits as the core, and the production of fresh-cut flowers and potted flowers as the focus, strengthening the cultivation of leading enterprises and professional cooperatives, and strengthening the construction of scientific and technological research and development systems. To cultivate new varieties with core competitiveness of independent intellectual property rights, and form a development pattern of "government guidance, enterprise leadership, cooperation and driving, scientific and technological support, and market driving". By 2025, the city is aiming at a total area of over 6666 hectares of flowers and an agricultural output value of 4 billion RMB.
Focusing on development goals, the city will gather three main tasks: infrastructure construction, breeding and promotion of improved varieties, and industrial quality and efficiency improvement.
In terms of infrastructure construction, Yuxi city will promote ecologically efficient production methods such as intelligent management of substrate cultivation and integrated recycling of water and fertilizer, and establish logistics distribution centers in the main production areas and key sales markets to improve the quality and efficiency of post-harvest processing and logistics transportation services. At the same time, improve the technical level of flower intensive processing equipment, extend the industrial chain, increase the added value of products, and vigorously promote the "Internet +" modern flower industry, and apply modern information technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, and mobile Internet to promote the entire flower industry. Industrial chain transformation and upgrading.
In the breeding and promotion of fine varieties, encourage and support cooperation between institutes and enterprises, research institutes and local production, pay attention to the cultivation of flower varieties, develop local varieties, cultivate varieties with independent intellectual property rights, and lay a solid foundation for the development of the flower industry. By 2025, the city aims to introduce more than 50 new varieties of foreign patented flowers and newly cultivate more than 10 new varieties of flowers with independent intellectual property rights. By learning from experience, introducing, cultivating and applying, and encouraging independent innovation, a set of high-quality and high-yield flower planting techniques suitable for Yuxi's soil and climatic conditions would be explored to improve the planting efficiency of flower growers.
In terms of industrial quality and efficiency improvement, five core flower production demonstration bases will be built to integrate the functions of variety selection and promotion, seedling breeding, key technological breakthroughs, technology integration and demonstration and promotion. Focus on cultivating a group of leading enterprises, accelerate the development of flower product processing, accelerate the development of the flower service industry, and promote the development of industrial integration.
In the construction of key projects, it will focus on six projects including the protection and utilization of germplasm resources and research and development of varieties, the construction of flower seedling research and production bases, the construction of modern flower green and efficient demonstration parks, the construction of Asian Flower Science and Technology Valley, the development and construction of rural revitalization industry integration, and the Internet + platform, to comprehensively promote the upgrading and strengthening of the city's flower industry.
Source: yunnan.cn
